Symptom improvement in dry eye subjects following intranasal tear neurostimulation: Results of two studies utilizing a controlled adverse environment

PurposeTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the intranasal tear neurostimulator (ITN) in improving dry eye symptoms assessed in a controlled adverse environment (CAE®).MethodsStudy 1: Multicenter, subject-masked, randomized-sequence, crossover design. Single intranasal (active) and extranasal (control) ITN administration during CAE exposure. Study 2: Single-arm, open-label design. Intranasal ITN administration ≥2 times/day for 45 days, CAE assessment at days 0 and 45. In both studies, upon CAE entry, and every 5 min thereafter, subjects assessed eye dryness score (visual analog scale, 0–100 mm; EDS-VAS), and ocular discomfort score (ODS; Ora Calibra™, 0–4), for ≈2 h. Study 1: when ODS was ≥3 at 2 consecutive timepoints, subjects applied ITN intranasally or extranasally for ≈3 min, and again when achieving the same ODS criteria in randomized sequence. Study 2: days 0 and 45, ITN was applied for ≈3 min employing the same ODS criteria as Study 1.ResultsStudy 1: Significantly greater pre- to post-application reductions in mean [SEM] EDS (−16.5 [1.7] vs −3.1 [1.7], P < 0.0001) and ODS (−0.93 [0.08] vs −0.34 [0.08], P < 0.0001; n = 143) with intranasal vs extranasal stimulation. Study 2: On day 0 (n = 52) and day 45 (n = 48), significant pre- to post-application reductions in mean [SEM] EDS (−15.9 [2.7] and −15.2 [2.4]; P < 0.0001), and ODS (−1.3 [0.2] and −1.3 [0.1]; P < 0.0001). Few device-related adverse events were reported, none serious.ConclusionsAcute symptom relief is significant with the ITN and remains undiminished after daily use.     

牛黄降压片联合硝苯地平治疗原发性高血压的临床研究

目的探讨牛黄降压片联合硝苯地平缓释片治疗原发性高血压的临床疗效。方法选取2019年3月—2019年6月在成都市第七人民医院治疗的原发性高血压患者86例,根据用药差别分为对照组(43例)和治疗组(43例)。对照组口服硝苯地平缓释片,20 mg/次,2次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服牛黄降压片,2 g/次,1次/d。两组患者均经4周治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者血压变化,SPIEGEL、SAS、SDS和GQOL-74评分,及血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血管性血友病因子(vWF)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)、可溶性凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体1(sLOX-1)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组临床有效率分别为81.40%和97.67%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。经治疗,两组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)均显著下降(P0.05),且治疗组患者血压水平明显好于对照组患者(P0.05)。经治疗,两组患者SPIEGEL评分、SAS评分和SDS评分明显降低(P0.05),但是GQOL-74评分明显升高(P0.05),且治疗组患者这些评分明显好于对照组(P0.05)。经治疗,两组血清Hcy、vWF、 ICAM-1、sLOX-1、AngⅡ水平均明显降低(P0.05),且治疗组明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论牛黄降压片联合硝苯地平缓释片治疗原发性高血压可有效控制血压水平,改善患者负面情绪、睡眠及生活质量,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

口语化疾病名称向国际规范疾病术语集的映射研究

目的：研究患者口语化疾病名称到术语疾病名称的映射，解决在线口语化疾病名称难以有效利用的问题。方法：抓取“微医网”上患者口语中的疾病名，将PubMed摘要、百度搜索页摘要与百科内容作为语料，训练词向量，用余弦距离计算相似度，由2名具有临床知识和从业经验的编码人员对结果的准确性进行检验。结果：将最相似词条的参数TopN设置为>= 30的时候效果比较好，映射到大类和细类的准确性分别稳定在60%和70%左右。结论：利用词向量将口语化疾病名称映射到国际疾病术语集，具有较强的通用性和可行性，对于在线问诊、智能分诊甚至自动化编码具有明显的参考借鉴价值。     

Sleep quality and disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Short sleep or insufficient sleep are significant health concerns among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although an association between sleep quality and disease activity has been reported, findings have been inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the association between sleep quality and disease activity in IBD patients by reviewing findings from cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in five electronic databases from inception to May 2020. Studies that examined the relationship between sleep quality and disease activity in IBD patients were screened for eligibility. Six studies were included for the analysis. Sleep quality was measured using subjective questionnaires in six studies and objective methods in three studies. Disease activity was diagnosed following standard guidelines. A significant association between subjective sleep quality and disease activity was observed (pooled OR = 3.52, 95%CI:1.82,6.83, P < 0.001). A significant association between sleep efficiency and disease activity was observed as well (pooled OR = 4.55, 95%CI:1.92,10.75, P = 0.001). Findings from this study indicate that both subjective and objective poor sleep quality were associated with an increased risk for disease activity. Larger studies with an experimental design are warranted to confirm the effects of sleep quality on intestinal pathological changes in IBD patients.